Attitudes, Knowledge and Self-efficacy of Mammography Procedures Among African American Women: A Qualitative Analysis

Overall use of mammography has increased over decades, yet minority women consistently have lower screening rates compared to their White peers. Female breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in North Carolina. It also accounts for the second largest number of cancer-related deaths among women. Thirteen African American women residing in North Carolina shared their views generated in open-ended questions, which were conveyed within data collection guides. Researchers utilized a qualitative approach conducted around breast health and mammogram usage at the interpersonal level and formulated by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Interviews were used to develop an understanding of this group’s attitudes, knowledge, and confidence related to adhering to mammography guidelines. Data analysis revealed a consensus on the importance of early detection and high levels of confidence to adhere to the guidelines and knowledge of the recommended intervals. Some interviewees were more knowledgeable than others; however, family history and breast changes were the common themes. On average, participants had high levels of behavioral capability and self-efficacy of breast health behaviors. This suggests that further research should seek to better understand the influence of primary care physicians on the decision to obtain regular mammograms in an effort to explain the health disparity.