Cervical Cancer in India: An Overview of Preventive Aspects

Cervical cancer, is mainly caused by Human Papillomavirus infection. It is the leading cancer in Indian women and the second most common cancer in women worldwide. The differential pattern of cervical cancer and the wide variation in incidence are possibly related to environmental differences. Prevention by vaccination is emerging as the most effective option, with the availability of two vaccines. Questions and controversy remain regarding mandatory vaccination, need for booster doses and cost-effectiveness, particularly in the Indian context.