Clinicopathological Study of Chronic Calculous Cholecystitis with Chemical Analysis of Gallstones

Background:Chronic-calculous-cholecystitis is the most common benign disease affecting the gallbladder occurring in the middle aged female population. Our aim is to study clinicopathological features of gallstone disease with biochemical analysis of calculi. Methodology: This study was conducted between August 2011 –February 2013 at Upgraded department of pathology, Osmania general hospital. We received 100 cholecystectomy specimens with gallstones which were analysed histopathologically and chemical analysis of gall stones was done. Results: Maximum number of cases in our study were seen in fourth decade with female preponderance (1:2.1).55% of cases presented with pain in right hypochondrium . 85% were non vegetarians. Obesity was seen in 35% of cases. .80% of cases had multiple stones and 78% had mixed stones on biochemical analysis. Increased thickness of wall of gallbladder seen in 57% of cases on gross examination. On histopathology, 80% of cases with chronic nonspecific cholecystitis were associated with mixed stones.. Follicular-choleystitis and xanthogranulomatous-cholecystitis seen in 8% and 2% of cases and were associated with pigment and cholesterol stones respectively. 4% of cases had acute on chronic cholecystitis and were associated with mixed stones .Carcinoma of the gallbladder was seen in 6% of cases which were associated with mixed and pigment stones. Conclusion: In our study 80% of cases had chronic nonspecific cholecystitis and mixed stones were commonest. Clinicopathological study of gallstone with biochemical analysis helps us to understand its etiopathogenesis and hence maybe helpful in preventing cholelithiasis.